Spain
Description of Spain
Spain, a nation with a rich history and vibrant culture, stands as a pivotal player in both European and global affairs. From its stunning architectural wonders to its renowned culinary delights, Spain captivates the world with its unique charm and sophistication. Beyond its cultural allure, Spain's economy plays a significant role in shaping the European Union and influencing global trade dynamics. Understanding the macroeconomic statistics and geopolitical implications of Spain is essential for comprehending its place in the international arena.
Population And Age Structure
Population, total: Spain's total population is 47,365,655, which is above the average population of 40,097,746. The country ranks 30th out of 194 countries in total population.
Population ages 0-14 (% of total population): Spain's population aged 0-14 accounts for 14.4% of the total population, below the average of 27.3%. With this percentage, Spain ranks 180th out of 194 countries.
Population ages 0-14, total: Spain has a total of 6,818,586 individuals aged 0-14, below the average of 10,327,380. This places Spain 58th out of 194 countries in this age group.
Population ages 15-64 (% of total population): The working-age population in Spain constitutes 65.9% of the total population, slightly above the average of 63.4%. Spain ranks 69th out of 194 countries in this category.
Population ages 15-64, total: Spain's total population aged 15-64 is 31,229,056, higher than the average of 26,003,407. The country ranks 29th out of 194 nations for this age group.
Population ages 65 and above (% of total population): Individuals aged 65 and above make up 19.7% of Spain's population, significantly higher than the average of 9.2%. Spain ranks 21st out of 194 countries in this demographic.
Population ages 65 and above, total: Spain has 9,318,013 individuals aged 65 and above, surpassing the average of 3,766,959. This places Spain 16th out of 194 countries in the number of elderly individuals.
Summary
Spain has a total population above the global average, with a higher percentage of individuals aged 65 and above compared to the average. This demographic composition indicates a significant proportion of elderly citizens within the population, which can have implications for healthcare, pension systems, and overall economic productivity in the country.
Population Miscellaneous
Rural population in Spain is 9,089,469, below the average of 18,044,041. Spain ranks 60th out of 190 countries in this attribute.
Rural population (% of total population) for Spain is 19.19%, lower than the average of 41.16%. Spain ranks 151st out of 190 countries.
Urban population in Spain is 38,276,186, above the average of 22,425,747. Spain ranks 25th out of 194 countries.
Urban population (% of total population) for Spain is 80.81%, higher than the average of 59.69%. Spain ranks 44th out of 194 countries.
Spain has an Age dependency ratio of 51.67%, below the average of 59.22%. It ranks 126th out of 194 countries.
The crude Birth rate in Spain is 7.2 per 1,000 people, well below the average of 19.38. Spain ranks 188th out of 192 countries.
The crude Death rate in Spain is 10.4 per 1,000 people, above the average of 8.21. Spain ranks 36th out of 192 countries.
The total Fertility rate in Spain is 1.19 births per woman, lower than the average of 2.60. Spain ranks 186th out of 190 countries.
Summary
Spain exhibits a unique demographic profile compared to global averages. With a lower rural population and fertility rate, higher urban population, and elevated age dependency ratio, Spain's demographic indicators reflect a shift towards urbanization and an aging population. The country's low fertility rate may have implications for future population growth, workforce dynamics, and healthcare expenditures.
Military
Spain's military expenditure of $17.43 billion is above the average of $12.90 billion, ranking 17th out of 149 countries.
Spain's military expenditure as a percentage of GDP is 1.37%, below the average of 1.90%, ranking 90th out of 148 countries.
Spain's arms imports of $71 million are below the average of $205.52 million, ranking 47th out of 113 countries.
Spain's arms exports of $971 million are above the average of $705.71 million, ranking 5th out of 34 countries.
Spain's total armed forces personnel of 199,000 exceed the average of 165,909 personnel, ranking 32nd out of 164 countries.
Spain's armed forces personnel as a percentage of the total labor force is 0.87%, below the average of 1.28%, ranking 78th out of 164 countries.
Summary
Spain's military expenditure is above average, ranking high in terms of total expenditure and armed forces personnel. However, its expenditure as a percentage of GDP is below average. Spain also performs well in arms exports but lags behind in arms imports. These indicators are crucial as they show Spain's prioritization of military resources and its position in the global arms trade, reflecting its defense capabilities and economic commitment to the military sector.
Natural Resources
Analysis of key statistics for Spain:
1. Forest area (sq. km): Spain has a forest area of 185721.7 sq. km, which is below the average of 211606.11 sq. km. Spain is ranked 33 out of 191 countries in this attribute.
2. Land area (sq. km): With a land area of 499556.645 sq. km, Spain falls below the average of 665166.51 sq. km. The country is ranked 50 out of 194 in this category.
3. Surface area (sq. km): Spain's surface area of 505969.891 sq. km is also below the average of 689779.56 sq. km. The country is ranked 52 out of 194.
4. Arable land (hectares): Spain possesses 11639398.1 hectares of arable land, significantly above the average of 7329543.16 hectares. Spain ranks 26 out of 190 in this aspect.
5. Land under cereal production (hectares): With 6069230 hectares under cereal production, Spain surpasses the average of 4206011.63 hectares. The country is ranked 29 out of 174.
6. Average precipitation in depth (mm per year): Spain experiences an average precipitation depth of 636 mm per year, below the average of 1157.83 mm per year. The country ranks 122 out of 178 in this regard.
7. Renewable internal freshwater resources, total (billion cubic meters): Spain's total renewable internal freshwater resources amount to 111.2 billion cubic meters, falling below the average of 240.41 billion cubic meters. Spain is ranked 53 out of 178 countries in this category.
Summary
Spain's key statistics reveal that the country has a significant amount of arable land and land under cereal production, ranking above average in both aspects. However, Spain falls below average in forest area, land area, surface area, average precipitation depth, and total renewable internal freshwater resources. These findings are crucial as they indicate Spain's strengths in agriculture but also highlight areas that may pose challenges such as environmental sustainability and water resources management.
Resource Rents
- Total natural resources rents (% of GDP): Spain's value of 0.0381 is significantly below the average of
4.63. The country ranks 158 out of 175 countries in this attribute.
- Forest rents (% of GDP): With a value of 0.0195, Spain is below the average of 1.53. The country ranks
142 out of 174 countries in this category.
- Oil rents (% of GDP): Spain's value of 0.0003 is well below the average of 2.51. The country ranks 113
out of 117 countries for oil rents.
- Natural gas rents (% of GDP): At 0.0001, Spain falls short of the average of 1.25. The country ranks 92
out of 96 in this aspect.
- Mineral rents (% of GDP): Spain's value of 0.0182 is below the average of 1.23. The country ranks 71 out
of 86 nations for mineral rents.
Summary
Spain's key macroeconomic indicators related to natural resources rents, including forest, oil, natural gas, and mineral rents, depict a consistent trend of the country's relatively low reliance on such resources compared to global averages. With rankings below the average in each category, Spain's limited contribution of natural resource rents to its GDP signifies a diversified economy less vulnerable to commodity price fluctuations and resource depletion risks.
Commodities
Spain's cereal production of 27,320,900 metric tons is above the average of 17,249,945.93 metric tons, ranking 23 out of 174 countries.
Spain's aquaculture production of 276,626.84 metric tons is below the average of 679,642.92 metric tons, ranking 24 out of 180 countries.
Spain's capture fisheries production of 804,179.01 metric tons is above the average of 467,453.06 metric tons, ranking 21 out of 190 countries.
Spain's total fisheries production of 1,080,805.85 metric tons is below the average of 1,153,914.85 metric tons, ranking 23 out of 182 countries.
Spain's fertilizer consumption of 159.82 kilograms per hectare of arable land is slightly above the average of 159.04 kg/hectare, ranking 57 out of 187 countries.
Summary
Spain performs above average in cereal and capture fisheries production, while falling below average in aquaculture and total fisheries production. Their fertilizer consumption is slightly above the global average. These indicators are crucial as they demonstrate Spain's strengths and weaknesses in key sectors of its economy, highlighting areas where the country excels and where it may need to improve to maintain competitiveness and sustainability.
Intellectual Property
Spain's industrial design applications by nonresidents are below the average of 1415.83, ranking 54 out of 112 countries. For resident industrial design applications, Spain performs above average, with a value of 12071, ranking 11 out of 113 countries.
In terms of patent applications, both nonresident and resident applications in Spain are below average. Nonresident patent applications rank 66 out of 129 countries, while resident applications rank 24 out of 117 countries.
Spain's trademark applications by nonresidents are below average at 8546, ranking 44 out of 130 countries. Resident trademark applications at 71904 are also below average, ranking 18 out of 129 countries.
Spain excels in scientific and technical journal articles with a value of 65638.38, far above the average of 15103.76. This places Spain at a commendable rank of 13 out of 192 countries.
When it comes to charges for the use of intellectual property, Spain's payments are above average at 5122068572.40, ranking 17 out of 143 countries. However, its receipts for the use of intellectual property are below average at 2949863120.83, placing Spain at rank 18 out of 122 countries.
Spain also stands out in the number of researchers in R&D per million people with a value of 3071.45, which is above the average of 2556.45. Spain ranks 26 out of 72 countries in this aspect.
Summary
In summary, Spain performs well in industrial design applications by residents, trademark applications by residents, scientific and technical journal articles, charges for the use of intellectual property, and the number of researchers in R&D per million people. However, it lags behind in nonresident industrial design applications, patent applications (both nonresident and resident), trademark applications by nonresidents, and receipts for the use of intellectual property. These indicators are crucial as they reflect Spain's innovation capabilities, intellectual property utilization, and investment in research and development, which are key drivers of economic growth and competitiveness in the global market.
Broad Economy Attributes
- Spain's GDP (current US$) is 14th out of 189 countries, significantly above the average GDP of $442.87
billion.
- Spain's GDP, PPP (current international $) ranks 15th out of 181 countries, notably surpassing the
average GDP of $734.14 billion.
- Spain's GDP per capita (current US$) places it at 34th out of 190 countries, with a per capita GDP of
$26,984.30, notably higher than the average of $15,462.11.
- Spain's GDP per capita, PPP (current international $) ranks 37th out of 181 countries, showing a figure
of $38,967.34, which is notably above the average of $21,251.89.
- Spain's GNI (current US$) is 14th out of 185 countries, with a GNI of $1.28 trillion, significantly
exceeding the average of $452.04 billion.
- Spain's GNI, PPP (current international $) ranks 15th out of 181 countries, with a GNI of $1.85
trillion, notably above the average of $730.70 billion.
- Spain's GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) places it at 37th out of 181 countries, with a
value of $39,070, notably higher than the average of $20,615.75.
Summary
Spain ranks impressively in key macroeconomic indicators such as GDP, GDP per capita, and GNI, both in nominal and PPP terms, placing it consistently above the global averages. These rankings highlight Spain's strong economic performance and its relatively high standard of living compared to other countries. This is crucial as it showcases Spain's economic competitiveness and potential for sustained growth and development.
Broad Value Added
1. Gross value added at basic prices (GVA) (current US$): Spain's focus country value is $1,166,280,456,102.73, significantly above the attribute average of $360,070,943,595.12. Spain ranks 13th out of 176 countries in this indicator.
2. Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP): Spain's value of 2.81% is below the attribute average of 10.86%. Spain ranks 134th out of 182 countries for this metric.
3. Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (current US$): Spain's value of $35,934,631,783.66 is above the attribute average of $19,924,732,828.07. Spain ranks 20th out of 182 countries in this indicator.
4. Services, value added (% of GDP): Spain's value of 68.30% exceeds the attribute average of 56.72%. Spain ranks 29th out of 183 countries in this metric.
5. Services, value added (current US$): Spain's focus country value is $872,972,490,697.28, well above the attribute average of $295,837,711,130.69. Spain ranks 13th out of 183 countries for this statistic.
6. Industry (including construction), value added (current US$): Spain's value of $257,373,333,621.79 is significantly higher than the attribute average of $118,421,095,413.50. Spain ranks 17th out of 183 countries in this aspect.
Summary
Spain demonstrates a strong performance in terms of Gross Value Added (GVA), ranking 13th globally, with a value well above the average. While the country has a lower percentage of GDP from Agriculture, forestry, and fishing compared to the average, its absolute value in this sector is high, ranking 20th globally. Spain excels in Services, with values both in percentage of GDP and in current US dollars exceeding the averages and securing high rankings globally. The robust performance in these key sectors indicates Spain's diversified economy and strength in service-based industries, which can contribute significantly to its overall economic stability and growth.
Manufacturing Value Added
For Manufacturing, value added (current US$), Spain's value is $140.48 billion, which is above the average of $76.21 billion. Spain ranks 16 out of 173 countries in this attribute.
Manufacturing, value added (% of GDP) in Spain is 10.99%, below the average of 11.90%. Spain ranks 91 out of 173 countries for this attribute.
Spain's Medium and high-tech manufacturing value added (% manufacturing value added) is 39.28%, significantly higher than the average of 24.49%. Spain ranks 34 out of 149 countries in this category.
In the Chemicals (% of value added in manufacturing) sector, Spain's value is 13.47%, above the average of 11.56%. Spain ranks 26 out of 89 countries.
Spain's Food, beverages and tobacco (% of value added in manufacturing) is 20.62%, below the average of 24.51%. Spain ranks 46 out of 92 countries in this attribute.
For Machinery and transport equipment (% of value added in manufacturing), Spain's value is 23.55%, higher than the average of 16.85%. Spain ranks 26 out of 93 countries.
In Textiles and clothing (% of value added in manufacturing), Spain's value is 3.13%, below the average of 6.33%. Spain ranks 46 out of 93 countries for this attribute.
Spain's Other manufacturing (% of value added in manufacturing) is 39.22%, slightly below the average of 42.13%. Spain ranks 52 out of 94 countries in this category.
Summary
Spain excels in high-tech manufacturing, chemicals, and machinery and transport equipment sectors but lags behind in food, beverages, and tobacco. These findings are crucial for policymakers as they reflect Spain's strengths and weaknesses in its manufacturing sector, guiding decisions on investment, trade partnerships, and industrial development strategies to enhance competitiveness and sustain economic growth.
Money
Spain's consumer price inflation rate is -0.32%, which is below the average of 8.26%. Spain ranks 141 out of 165 countries in this attribute data.
Meanwhile, Spain's GDP deflator inflation rate is 1.14%, lower than the average of 6.90%. Spain ranks 117 out of 188 countries in this attribute data.
Summary
In analyzing Spain's macroeconomic indicators, it is evident that the country experiences below-average consumer price inflation and GDP deflator inflation rates when compared globally. Despite ranking relatively low in these indicators, these figures signify a certain level of stability in Spain's economy. The lower inflation rates can indicate restrained price growth and potential cost-saving benefits for consumers and businesses, but could also suggest slower economic growth and potential challenges in stimulating demand and investment.
Consumption Expenditure
1. Final consumption expenditure (current US$): Spain's final consumption expenditure is $998,109,212,001.56, which is significantly higher than the average of $381,630,252,515.38. Spain ranks 13 out of 159 countries in this attribute.
2. Final consumption expenditure (% of GDP): Spain's final consumption expenditure as a percentage of GDP is 78.09%, slightly below the average of 82.37%. Spain ranks 93 out of 159 countries in this attribute.
3. General government final consumption expenditure (current US$): Spain's general government final consumption expenditure is $281,375,442,655.25, well above the average of $93,676,578,238.03. Spain ranks 14 out of 158 countries in this attribute.
4. General government final consumption expenditure (% of GDP): Spain's general government final consumption expenditure as a percentage of GDP is 22.01%, higher than the average of 18.71%. Spain ranks 40 out of 158 countries in this attribute.
5. Household and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure (current US$): Spain's household and NPISHs final consumption expenditure is $716,733,769,346.31, significantly exceeding the average of $290,127,571,157.69. Spain ranks 14 out of 158 countries in this attribute.
6. Households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (% of GDP): Spain's households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure as a percentage of GDP is 56.08%, below the average of 63.68%. Spain ranks 107 out of 158 countries in this attribute.
Summary
Spain has a notably high final consumption expenditure, exceeding the global average by a significant margin. The country's general government final consumption expenditure is also well above average, reflecting a strong government presence in the economy. However, Spain's household and NPISHs final consumption expenditure as a percentage of GDP is lower than the global average, indicating potential room for growth in private consumption.
These indicators are crucial as they provide insights into the overall economic activity within Spain. High final consumption expenditure suggests robust economic activity and potential for market expansion. The government's significant spending indicates a commitment to public services and infrastructure. The lower household consumption relative to GDP may suggest some challenges in boosting private consumption levels for sustained economic growth.
Equities
Spain's listed domestic companies total 2711, which is significantly above the average of 636.625, ranking 5th out of 72 countries.
The total value of stocks traded in Spain is $489.37 billion, below the average of $1.38 trillion. This places Spain 12th out of 71 countries in the dataset.
Stocks traded as a percentage of Spain's GDP is 38.29%, higher than the average of 31.65%. Spain ranks 17th out of 71 countries in this metric.
Spain's market capitalization of listed domestic companies is $759.17 billion, well below the average of $1.20 trillion, ranking 14th out of 73 countries.
The market capitalization of listed domestic companies as a percentage of Spain's GDP is 59.40%, lower than the average of 71.24%. Spain holds the 27th rank out of 73 countries in this aspect.
Spain experienced a negative annual percentage change in the S&P Global Equity Indices at -7.51%, well below the average of 2.06%. This places Spain at the 55th position out of 79 countries.
Summary
In summary, Spain ranks relatively high in terms of the number of listed domestic companies and the value of stocks traded but falls behind in market capitalization and stock market performance compared to the global average. The country's significant stock market activity indicates a vibrant economic landscape with numerous investment opportunities, although the lower market capitalization and negative equity index change call for potential improvements in investor confidence and market performance.
Investment
Spain's foreign direct investment, net (BoP, current US$) is $18.15 billion, ranking 7th out of 169 countries with a difference from the average of $19.77 billion. The focus country value is above the average.
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) in Spain amount to $38.32 billion, ranking 9th out of 182 countries. The focus country difference from the average is $32.57 billion, indicating that Spain's value is above the average.
Spain's foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP) stand at 2.99%, ranking 63rd out of 178 countries. The country performs better than the average in this case.
Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$) for Spain total $56.48 billion, ranking 7th out of 156 countries. The focus country difference from the average is significant at $50.77 billion, indicating a value well above the average.
The foreign direct investment, net outflows (% of GDP) for Spain is 4.42%, which ranks the country 7th out of 155 countries. The focus country value is substantially higher than the average, reflecting a robust performance in this aspect.
Spain's portfolio investment, net (BoP, current US$) is at $90.28 billion, ranking 3rd out of 159 countries. The focus country value is significantly higher than the average, signaling a strong presence in portfolio investments.
For portfolio equity, net inflows (BoP, current US$), Spain records $13.43 billion, ranking 8th out of 125 countries. The focus country difference from the average is $4.23 billion, indicating a performance above the average in this category.
Summary
Spain is performing strongly in terms of foreign direct investment, both in inflows and outflows, ranking high in comparison to other countries. The significant presence in portfolio investments further solidifies its position in the global market. These statistics are crucial as they indicate Spain's attractiveness to foreign investors and its active participation in the global economy, showcasing a robust economic environment and potential for growth.
Broad Trade Attributes
"Trade (% of GDP)": Spain's trade as a percentage of GDP is 60.12%, below the average of 82.34%. Spain is ranked 99th out of 163 countries.
"Merchandise trade (% of GDP)": Spain's merchandise trade as a percentage of GDP stands at 49.64%, lower than the average of 60.01%. Spain is ranked 97th out of 186 countries.
"Trade in services (% of GDP)": Spain's trade in services as a percentage of GDP is 11.88%, well below the average of 24.63%. Spain is ranked 106th out of 171 countries.
"External balance on goods and services (current US$)": Spain's external balance on goods and services is $18,392,783,942.41, significantly higher than the average of $3,405,509,011.13. Spain is ranked 19th out of 163 countries.
"External balance on goods and services (% of GDP)": Spain's external balance on goods and services as a percentage of GDP is 1.44%, above the average of -5.97%. Spain is ranked 55th out of 163 countries.
Summary
Spain's trade performance, both in terms of total trade and merchandise trade, lags behind the global average, with trade in services significantly below average as well. However, Spain's external balance on goods and services is remarkably positive, far exceeding the international average. This indicates that while Spain may struggle in certain trade areas, its overall trade balance remains strong, reflecting a competitive edge in the global market.
Net Trade
Spain's current account balance is $8,229,078,493.28, significantly above the average of $1,443,864,831.49, ranking 22nd out of 170 countries in the dataset.
With a current account balance as a percentage of GDP at 0.64%, Spain outperforms the average of -2.36%, placing 59th out of 170 countries.
Spain's net trade in goods and services stands at $18,486,779,391.24, notably higher than the average of $2,604,730,003.57, ranking 20th out of 171 countries.
The country's net primary income is $3,483,420,507.07, surpassing the average of -$903,807,529.74, and ranking 18th out of 170 countries.
Spain's net secondary income is -$13,743,392,976.58, deviating significantly from the average of -$269,227,340.40, ranking 160th out of 170 countries.
With a net trade in goods of -$9,798,353,470.09, Spain falls below the average of $1,302,831,005.68, and ranks 153rd out of 171 countries.
The country's net capital account is $5,985,417,162.62, considerably higher than the average of $136,543,824.05, ranking 2nd out of 159 countries.
Spain's net financial account stands at $8,855,141,911.32, well above the average of -$469,840,994.63, placing the country 20th out of 170 countries in the dataset.
Summary
Spain performs exceptionally well in key macroeconomic indicators such as current account balance, net trade in goods and services, net primary income, and net capital account. While ranking high in these indicators, Spain also surpasses the average values significantly, demonstrating strong economic stability and competitiveness on the global stage. These indicators are crucial as they reflect Spain's ability to attract investments, maintain positive trade balances, generate income from external sources, and manage capital flows effectively, showcasing a robust and resilient economy.
Broad Export Attributes
Spain's Exports of goods, services and primary income amount to $453.24 billion, ranking 17th out of 170 countries. This value is significantly above the average of $146.24 billion.
Spain's Exports of goods and services stand at $393.87 billion, placing it at the 17th position out of 170 countries. The value is notably higher than the average of $122.94 billion.
In terms of Exports of goods and services in current US dollars, Spain has recorded $393.40 billion, securing the 17th rank out of 163 countries. This figure exceeds the average of $129.60 billion.
Spain's Exports of goods and services as a percentage of GDP is 30.78%, ranking 79th out of 163 countries. This percentage is below the average of 38.19%.
For Goods exports, Spain has exported goods worth $303.82 billion, ranking 15th out of 171 countries. This value is substantially higher than the average of $93.31 billion.
Regarding ICT goods exports as a percentage of total goods exports, Spain's value is 1.72%, placing it at the 50th position out of 142 countries. This percentage is below the average of 3.81%.
Summary
Spain ranks consistently high in terms of total exports of goods, services, and primary income, goods and services, and goods alone. However, when considering exports as a percentage of GDP, Spain falls below the global average. Particularly noteworthy is Spain's relatively low percentage of ICT goods exports compared to total goods exports, indicating potential for growth in this sector.
These findings are crucial as they highlight Spain's strong performance in total exports which contributes significantly to its economy. The lower percentage of exports as a share of GDP implies potential for further economic expansion through increasing export activities. Additionally, the lower ICT goods export percentage suggests an opportunity for Spain to focus on and boost its technological exports to drive economic growth and competitiveness in the digital age.
Merchandise Exports
Spain's merchandise exports amount to $308.32 billion, ranking 17th out of 187 countries. This value is significantly higher than the attribute average of $89.54 billion.
Spain's agricultural raw materials exports account for 1.06% of its merchandise exports, ranking 78th out of 151 countries. This percentage is below the attribute average of 2.97%.
Food exports make up 18.96% of Spain's merchandise exports, placing it 68th out of 152 countries. This value falls below the attribute average of 24.06%.
Spain's fuel exports represent 4.05% of its merchandise exports, ranking 68th out of 147 countries. This figure is lower than the attribute average of 13.70%.
Ores and metals exports contribute 3.20% to Spain's merchandise exports, positioning it 77th out of 152 countries. This percentage is below the attribute average of 9.10%.
Merchandise exports by the reporting economy, residual, constitute 2.16% of Spain's total merchandise exports, placing it 40th out of 166 countries. This percentage is lower than the attribute average of 3.20%.
Summary
Spain's strong performance in merchandise exports, exceeding the global average, indicates a robust international trade sector. However, the country's lower-than-average proportions of agricultural raw materials, food, fuel, ores and metals exports may suggest potential areas for diversification and increased value-added exports to enhance economic resilience and competitiveness in the global market.
Technology Exports
Spain's manufactures exports account for 65.99% of its merchandise exports, which is above the average of 42.62%. Spain ranks 49th out of 152 countries in this attribute.
Spain's high-technology exports amount to $15,725,225,510, below the average of $16,655,934,078.80. It ranks 26th out of 151 countries in this category.
Spain's high-technology exports as a percentage of manufactured exports stand at 7.77%, below the average of 10.15%. Spain holds the 65th position out of 150 countries for this metric.
Spain's medium and high-tech exports represent 56.28% of its manufactured exports, surpassing the average of 34.29%. It secures the 38th position out of 149 countries in this sector.
Summary
In summary, Spain has a strong presence in manufacturing exports, with high values in both manufactures exports and high-technology exports. However, it falls short in the percentage of high-technology exports compared to manufactured exports. Despite this, Spain excels in the proportion of medium and high-tech exports within manufactured exports.
These indicators are crucial as they reflect Spain's industrial capabilities and technological advancement. They showcase the country's ability to compete globally, diversify its exports, and potentially attract foreign investment in high-tech sectors, contributing to economic growth and innovation.
Service Exports
Analysis of Key Service Export Attributes for Spain:
1. Service exports (BoP, current US$): Spain's value of $90,048,604,427.97 is significantly above the average of $28,917,292,503.82, ranking 15th out of 171 countries.
2. ICT service exports (BoP, current US$): Spain's value of $11,589,335,312.43 is well above the average of $4,578,501,153.77, ranking 16th out of 166 countries.
3. ICT service exports (% of service exports, BoP): Spain's value of 12.87% is slightly higher than the average of 11.75%, ranking 52nd out of 166 countries.
4. Communications, computer, etc. (% of service exports, BoP): Spain's value of 48.13% exceeds the average of 45.85%, ranking 85th out of 169 countries.
5. Transport services (% of service exports, BoP): Spain's value of 18.37% is below the average of 21.80%, ranking 82nd out of 169 countries.
6. Travel services (% of service exports, BoP): Spain's value of 20.41% is lower than the average of 26.40%, ranking 83rd out of 167 countries.
7. Insurance and financial services (% of service exports, BoP): Spain's value of 5.59% is under the average of 6.46%, ranking 56th out of 161 countries.
Summary
In analyzing Spain's key service export attributes, it is evident that the country performs strongly in service exports and ICT service exports, ranking 15th and 16th respectively out of a large pool of countries. However, Spain falls below average in transport services and travel services exports, ranking 82nd and 83rd respectively. These findings are crucial as they highlight Spain's competitive advantage in certain service sectors like ICT, while also indicating areas for potential improvement in transportation and travel services to enhance overall export performance.
Commercial Service Exports
Spain's commercial service exports amount to $90.05 billion, ranking 15th out of 171 countries. This value is significantly above the average of $28.51 billion.
Travel services account for 20.41% of Spain's commercial service exports, ranking 85th out of 167 countries. This percentage is below the average of 27.89%.
Spain's computer, communications, and other services contribute 55.64% to its commercial service exports, ranking 54th out of 169 countries. This value is notably above the average of 42.44%.
Insurance and financial services represent 5.59% of Spain's commercial service exports, placing it at 59th out of 161 countries. This percentage falls below the average of 6.97%.
Transport services make up 18.37% of Spain's commercial service exports, ranking 86th out of 169 countries. This figure is also below the average of 23.37%.
Summary
Spain stands out with its strong commercial service exports, particularly in computer, communications, and other services sector which contribute significantly more than the global average. However, the country lags behind in travel services, insurance, financial services, and transport services compared to the global average. These findings are crucial as they highlight Spain's competitive advantage in certain service sectors while indicating areas that may require attention and improvement to enhance overall export performance and competitiveness.
Broad Import Attributes
Spain's imports of goods and services amount to $375 billion, ranking 17th out of 163 countries. This value is significantly above the average of $126 billion.
Imports of goods and services as a percentage of GDP in Spain stand at 29.34%, ranking 111th out of 163 countries. This value is below the average of 44.15%.
Spain's ICT goods imports account for 5.80% of total goods imports, positioning it at 62nd out of 143 countries. This percentage is lower than the average of 6.85%.
The country's goods imports, valued at $313 billion, rank 13th out of 171 countries. This figure is significantly higher than the average of $92 billion.
Spain's imports of goods and services, valued at $375 billion, rank 17th out of 170 countries. This value is well above the average of $120 billion.
Imports of goods, services, and primary income in Spain amount to $431 billion, ranking 18th out of 170 countries. This figure is notably higher than the average of $144 billion.
Summary
Spain's imports of goods and services are at a significant level, exceeding global averages across various categories such as total imports, imports as a percentage of GDP, and ICT goods imports. These figures suggest that Spain has a strong dependency on imports to meet its domestic demand and support its economy. The high levels of imports can indicate a need for diversification of the economy, reduction of trade imbalances, and strategies to enhance domestic production to reduce reliance on imports in the long term.
Merchandise Imports
Spain's merchandise imports amount to $326.19 billion, ranking 15th out of 190 countries. This value is significantly higher than the average merchandise imports of $89.39 billion.
Manufactures imports account for 68.83% of Spain's total merchandise imports, placing it at 64th out of 152 countries. This percentage is slightly above the average of 66.76%.
Spain's agricultural raw materials imports contribute to 1.07% of its total merchandise imports, ranking 82nd out of 152 countries. This percentage is below the average of 1.27%.
Food imports make up 11.92% of Spain's merchandise imports, placing it at 101st out of 152 countries. This percentage is lower than the average of 15.89%.
Spain's fuel imports constitute 9.41% of its merchandise imports, ranking 91st out of 152 countries. This figure falls below the average of 11.38%.
Ores and metals imports represent 3.42% of Spain's total merchandise imports, positioning it at 38th out of 152 countries. This percentage is higher than the average of 2.57%.
Merchandise imports by the reporting economy, residual, account for 0.23% of Spain's total merchandise imports, placing it at 103rd out of 180 countries. This percentage is lower than the average of 2.51%.
Summary
Spain's import profile is characterized by a significant reliance on manufactured goods, which account for a high proportion of its total merchandise imports. However, the country's imports of agricultural raw materials, food, and fuel are below average compared to global trends. On the other hand, Spain imports a higher-than-average amount of ores and metals. Understanding these import patterns is crucial for assessing Spain's economic structure, trade relationships, and potential vulnerabilities to fluctuations in global commodity prices.
Service Imports
Spain's service imports amount to $61,761,199,995.10, ranking 20th out of 171 countries. This is significantly higher than the average service imports of $27,615,356,170.47.
In terms of Communications, computer, etc. (% of service imports), Spain's value is 55.39%, which is higher than the average of 44.40%. The country ranks 50th out of 169 nations.
Spain's Transport services (% of service imports) is 17.62%, below the average of 32.90%. This places Spain at the 139th position out of 169 countries.
For Travel services (% of service imports), Spain's value is 13.95%, slightly lower than the average of 14.14%. The country ranks 67th out of 169 nations.
Spain's Insurance and financial services (% of service imports) is 8.82%, higher than the average of 8.53%. Spain ranks 62nd out of 169 countries in this category.
Summary
Spain's service imports are significantly above the global average, with a notable focus on Communications, computer, etc. This high percentage indicates a strong reliance on technology-related services. However, the lower percentage of Transport services imports suggests potential room for growth in infrastructure development. Despite this, Spain's above-average utilization of Insurance and financial services signifies a robust financial sector.
These findings are crucial as they provide insights into Spain's economic structure and areas of strength and potential improvement. Understanding the composition of service imports can help policymakers in identifying key sectors for investment and further development, ultimately contributing to the country's economic growth and competitiveness on a global scale.
Commercial Service Imports
For Commercial service imports (current US$), Spain's value is $61,761,199,995.10, which is above the average of $27,102,746,128.60. Spain ranks 20th out of 171 countries in this attribute.
Computer, communications and other services (% of commercial service imports) in Spain stand at 59.61%, higher than the average of 41.71%. Spain ranks 32nd out of 169 countries in this category.
Spain's Insurance and financial services (% of commercial service imports) is 8.82%, slightly below the average of 8.85%. Spain ranks 65th out of 169 countries.
Transport services (% of commercial service imports) in Spain are at 17.62%, below the average of 34.71%. Spain ranks 145th out of 169 countries in this aspect.
Regarding Travel services (% of commercial service imports), Spain's value is 13.95%, slightly lower than the average of 14.73%. Spain ranks 68th out of 169 countries.
Summary
Spain has a high value of Commercial service imports, ranking 20th globally, with a significant portion allocated to Computer, communications, and other services. However, its Insurance and financial services sector lags behind the average, while Transport services constitute a smaller share, placing Spain lower in global rankings. The performance in these sectors is crucial for the country's economic diversification and integration into the global economy.
Infrastructure
Spain's railways carried 11998.51 million passenger-km, ranking 13th out of 64 countries. This value is significantly below the attribute average of 32281.92 million passenger-km.
For the transportation of goods by railways, Spain transported 8969.6 million ton-km, ranking 27th out of 62 countries. This value is well below the attribute average of 119231.19 million ton-km.
Spain's air transport freight movement of 494.26 million ton-km is below average, ranking 34th out of 126 countries where data is available.
Spanish registered carrier departures worldwide reached 261972.27, ranking 16th out of 149 countries. This value is notably higher than the attribute average.
In terms of passengers carried by air transport, Spain transported 26557078 passengers, ranking 16th out of 149 countries. This figure is significantly above the attribute average.
Spain's container port traffic of 16745930 TEUs places it at 9th rank out of 110 countries, well above the attribute average of 6907110.27 TEUs.
With a total route-km of 15848, Spain's rail lines rank 14th out of 66 countries included in the data, exceeding the attribute average of 12204.74 route-km.
Summary
Spain's transportation infrastructure shows mixed performance compared to global averages. While the country excels in air transport passenger volume and registered carrier departures, it falls behind in rail and air freight movement as well as rail route length. These indicators are crucial for assessing Spain's connectivity, trade capacity, and economic competitiveness on a global scale.
Information Technology Infrastructure
Spain has 1,022,461 secure internet servers, which is significantly higher than the average of 458,294. Spain ranks 13th out of 193 countries for this attribute.
For secure internet servers per 1 million people, Spain has 21,586, which exceeds the average of 14,067. Spain ranks 36th out of 193 countries in this category.
93.21% of Spain's population uses the internet, surpassing the average of 64.77%. Spain holds the 20th rank out of 180 countries for this attribute.
With 16,188,502 fixed broadband subscriptions, Spain far exceeds the average of 6,591,956. Spain ranks 15th out of 185 countries for fixed broadband subscriptions.
Spain has 55,647,705 mobile cellular subscriptions, which is above the average of 42,526,464. Spain ranks 27th out of 193 countries for mobile cellular subscriptions.
Summary
Spain outperforms global averages in key macroeconomic indicators related to digital connectivity such as secure internet servers, internet usage, fixed broadband subscriptions, and mobile cellular subscriptions. These statistics underscore Spain's robust digital infrastructure and widespread access to online services, positioning the country favorably in the global digital economy. The high prevalence of digital connectivity indicators reflects Spain's readiness to adapt to the digital age, fostering innovation, economic growth, and competitiveness on an international scale.
Energy Consumption
Spain's renewable energy consumption is 19.35% of total final energy consumption, which is lower than the average of 32.18%. The country is ranked 109th out of 191 countries in this aspect.
When it comes to CO2 emissions, Spain emits 202,705.8 kt, higher than the average of 171,895.94 kt. This places Spain at the 26th rank out of 188 countries in terms of CO2 emissions.
Summary
Spain's renewable energy consumption is below the global average, ranking 109th out of 191 countries. On the other hand, the country's CO2 emissions exceed the average, placing Spain at the 26th rank out of 188 countries. These indicators are crucial as they show Spain's position in transitioning to cleaner energy sources and highlight its impact on global climate change efforts.
Government Balance Sheet
Net acquisition of financial assets (% of GDP): Spain's value is 2.79%, slightly above the average of 2.45%. It ranks 32 out of 87 countries.
Central government debt, total (% of GDP): Spain's value is 140.27%, significantly above the average of 74.12%. It ranks 5 out of 61 countries.
Net incurrence of liabilities, total (% of GDP): Spain's value is 13.07%, higher than the average of 7.43%. It ranks 8 out of 92 countries.
Reserves and related items (BoP, current US$): Spain's value is -262,497,183.45 USD, significantly below the average. It ranks 123 out of 171 countries.
Total reserves minus gold (current US$): Spain's value is 64,167,574,160.75 USD, below the average. It ranks 28 out of 161 countries.
Total reserves (includes gold, current US$): Spain's value is 81,287,702,460.75 USD, below the average. It ranks 27 out of 161 countries.
Total reserves in months of imports: Spain's value is 2.26, significantly below the average of 7.10. It ranks 124 out of 151 countries.
Summary
Spain has a mixed performance in key macroeconomic indicators. It has relatively high levels of central government debt and net incurrence of liabilities compared to the average, indicating potential fiscal challenges. Furthermore, its reserves and related items, total reserves minus gold, and total reserves are below average, raising concerns about its ability to weather economic shocks and fluctuations in the global market. These indicators are crucial as they reflect Spain's financial stability, ability to meet its payment obligations, and overall economic resilience in the face of uncertainties.
Government Revenue
Spain's revenue, excluding grants, accounts for 29.57% of its GDP, slightly above the average of 27.02%. Spain ranks 44th out of 122 countries in this indicator. Grants and other revenue contribute to 9.51% of Spain's total revenue, significantly below the average of 23.54%. Spain ranks 86th out of 108 countries in this aspect.
Social contributions make up 46.73% of Spain's revenue, well above the average of 22.29%. Spain excels in this area, ranking 3rd out of 81 countries. Taxes on goods and services represent 25.73% of Spain's revenue, below the average of 31.82%. Spain ranks 92nd out of 122 countries in this category.
Other taxes, at 0.10% of Spain's revenue, are notably lower than the average of 2.12%. Spain's ranking of 86th out of 106 countries reflects this deviation. Taxes on income, profits, and capital gains constitute 17.92% of Spain's revenue, slightly below the average of 24.66%. Spain ranks 81st out of 119 countries in this aspect.
Summary
Spain demonstrates strength in deriving revenue from social contributions, accounting for 46.73% of its total revenue, ranking 3rd out of 81 countries. Conversely, the country lags in revenue from taxes on goods and services, representing 25.73% of its revenue and ranking 92nd out of 122 countries. This indicates Spain's heavy reliance on social contributions for funding, which may impact its fiscal sustainability and welfare programs.
Taxes
Spain's tax revenue as a percentage of GDP is 13.57%, which is below the average of 16.72%. This puts Spain at a rank of 82 out of 123 countries in the dataset for this attribute.
Regarding taxes on income, profits, and capital gains, Spain's value is 40.97%, higher than the average of 38.40%. Spain is ranked 49 out of 120 countries in this category.
Spain's applied weighted mean tariff rate for all products is 1.48%, significantly lower than the average of 5.21%. This places Spain at a rank of 136 out of 153 countries included in the data for this attribute.
Summary
Spain's tax revenue as a percentage of GDP is slightly below the global average, ranking 82nd out of 123 countries. However, the country performs better in terms of taxes on income, profits, and capital gains, with a value higher than the average, placing Spain at 49th out of 120 countries. Additionally, Spain maintains a low applied weighted mean tariff rate for all products, standing at 1.48%, which is notably lower than the global average and positions Spain at 136th out of 153 countries.
These indicators are crucial as they provide insights into Spain's fiscal policies and trade environment. A lower tax revenue as a percentage of GDP may indicate potential challenges in funding public expenditure, while higher taxes on income could affect business competitiveness. The low applied tariff rate suggests a more open trade policy, which can impact domestic industries and international trade relations.
Government Expenses
- Expense (% of GDP): Spain's expense as a percentage of GDP is 41.05%, which is 9.37% higher than the average of 31.69%. This places Spain at the 30th rank out of 123 countries.
- Compensation of employees (% of expense): Spain's compensation of employees as a percentage of expense is 5.92%, significantly below the average of 24.70%. Spain ranks 120th out of 123 countries in this category.
- Goods and services expense (% of expense): Spain's goods and services expense as a percentage of total expense is 2.07%, well below the average of 14.77%. Spain ranks 122nd out of 122 countries.
- Interest payments (% of expense): Spain's interest payments as a percentage of expense stand at 4.86%, which is below the average of 6.85%. Spain ranks 62nd out of 121 countries.
- Other expense (% of expense): Spain's other expenses as a percentage of total expense are 4.41%, lower than the average of 8.29%. Spain is ranked 82nd out of 120 countries in this aspect.
- Subsidies and other transfers (% of expense): Spain allocates 82.74% of its expenses to subsidies and other transfers, which is significantly higher than the average of 43.29%. This places Spain at the 3rd rank out of 121 countries.
Summary
Spain's macroeconomic indicators reveal a notable pattern of high expense as a percentage of GDP, with a significant portion allocated to subsidies and other transfers. However, the country's allocation towards compensation of employees, goods and services, interest payments, and other expenses falls well below global averages, highlighting potential areas for improvement in terms of financial management and resource allocation.
These statistics are crucial as they provide insights into Spain's fiscal priorities and efficiency in utilizing financial resources. Addressing the discrepancies in the allocation of expenses could enhance economic sustainability, promote growth, and ensure effective utilization of available funds for the country's development initiatives.
Top Stats
Ranks in Top Decile For:
| Attribute | Rank/Total |
|---|---|
| Population ages 65 and above, total | 16/194 |
| Industrial design applications, resident, by count | 11/113 |
| Scientific and technical journal articles | 13/192 |
| GDP (current US$) | 14/189 |
| GDP, PPP (current international $) | 15/181 |
| GNI (current US$) | 14/185 |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 15/181 |
| Gross value added at basic prices (GVA) (current US$) | 13/176 |
| Services, value added (current US$) | 13/183 |
| Industry (including construction), value added (current US$) | 17/183 |
| Manufacturing, value added (current US$) | 16/173 |
| Final consumption expenditure (current US$) | 13/159 |
| General government final consumption expenditure (current US$) | 14/158 |
| Household and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure (current US$) | 14/158 |
| Listed domestic companies, total | 5/72 |
| Foreign direct investment, net (BoP, current US$) | 7/169 |
| Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) | 9/182 |
| Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$) | 7/156 |
| Foreign direct investment, net outflows (% of GDP) | 7/155 |
| Portfolio Investment, net (BoP, current US$) | 3/159 |
| Portfolio equity, net inflows (BoP, current US$) | 8/125 |
| Net capital account (BoP, current US$) | 2/159 |
| Goods exports (BoP, current US$) | 15/171 |
| Merchandise exports (current US$) | 17/187 |
| Service exports (BoP, current US$) | 15/171 |
| ICT service exports (BoP, current US$) | 16/166 |
| Commercial service exports (current US$) | 15/171 |
| Goods imports (BoP, current US$) | 13/171 |
| Merchandise imports (current US$) | 15/190 |
| Container port traffic (TEU: 20 foot equivalent units) | 9/110 |
| Secure Internet servers | 13/193 |
| Fixed broadband subscriptions | 15/185 |
| Central government debt, total (% of GDP) | 5/61 |
| Net incurrence of liabilities, total (% of GDP) | 8/92 |
| Social contributions (% of revenue) | 3/81 |
| Subsidies and other transfers (% of expense) | 3/121 |
Ranks in Bottom Decile For:
| Attribute | Rank/Total |
|---|---|
| Population ages 0-14 (% of total population) | 180/194 |
| Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people) | 188/192 |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 186/190 |
| Total natural resources rents (% of GDP) | 158/175 |
| Oil rents (% of GDP) | 113/117 |
| Natural gas rents (% of GDP) | 92/96 |
| Net secondary income (BoP, current US$) | 160/170 |
| Compensation of employees (% of expense) | 120/123 |
| Goods and services expense (% of expense) | 122/122 |