Mali

Description of Mali

As a country located in West Africa, Mali plays a significant role in the geopolitical landscape of the region. With a rich history and diverse cultural heritage, Mali faces unique opportunities and challenges in its development trajectory. By examining key macroeconomic statistics and trends, we can gain valuable insight into how Mali navigates the complexities of the global economy and its relations with neighboring countries. Join us as we delve into the economic landscape of Mali and explore the implications of macroeconomic indicators on its growth and stability.

Population And Age Structure

Population, total: Mali's population of 21,224,040 is below the average population of 40,097,746. Mali is ranked 59th out of 194 countries.

Population ages 0-14 (% of total population): Mali's percentage of population ages 0-14 at 47.61% is above the average of 27.34%. Mali is ranked 4th out of 194 countries.

Population ages 0-14, total: Mali's total population in the age group 0-14 is slightly below the average. Mali is ranked 43rd out of 194 countries.

Population ages 15-64 (% of total population): Mali's percentage of population ages 15-64 at 49.90% is below the average of 63.44%. Mali is ranked 192nd out of 194 countries.

Population ages 15-64, total: Mali's total population in the age group 15-64 is significantly below the average. Mali is ranked 66th out of 194 countries.

Population ages 65 and above (% of total population): Mali's percentage of population ages 65 and above is 2.50%, below the average of 9.22%. Mali is ranked 181st out of 194 countries.

Population ages 65 and above, total: Mali's total population in the age group 65 and above is notably below the average. Mali is ranked 96th out of 194 countries.

Summary

Mali has a relatively young population, with a high percentage of individuals aged 0-14 compared to the global average. However, the percentage of the population aged 15-64 is below average, indicating a potential future demographic imbalance. Addressing the needs and harnessing the potential of the youthful population while preparing for the aging population in the future will be crucial for Mali's long-term socio-economic development.

Population Miscellaneous

Rural population in Mali is 11,904,776, which is below the attribute average of 18,044,041. Mali ranks 46th out of 190 countries in this category.

Rural population (% of total population) in Mali is 56.091%, above the attribute average of 41.158%. Mali ranks 56th out of 190 countries in this category.

Urban population in Mali is 9,319,264, significantly below the attribute average of 22,425,747. Mali ranks 63rd out of 194 countries in this category.

Urban population (% of total population) in Mali is 43.909%, below the attribute average of 59.691%. Mali ranks 139th out of 194 countries in this category.

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population) in Mali is 100.42, substantially above the attribute average of 59.22. Mali ranks 3rd out of 194 countries in this category.

Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people) in Mali is 41.995, well above the attribute average of 19.384. Mali ranks 6th out of 192 countries in this category.

Death rate, crude (per 1,000 people) in Mali is 9.529, slightly above the attribute average of 8.214. Mali ranks 50th out of 192 countries in this category.

Fertility rate, total (births per woman) in Mali is 6.035, significantly higher than the attribute average of 2.603. Mali ranks 5th out of 190 countries in this category.

Summary

In Mali, the rural population is below the global average, while the urban population is significantly lower than the average. The age dependency ratio is high, indicating a larger share of dependents, and the birth rates are also high, with fertility rates well above the global average.

These indicators are crucial as they highlight Mali's demographic structure, with a significant rural population and high fertility rates. This can impact the country's economic development, healthcare system, and social welfare programs, requiring focused policies to address the needs of a growing population.

Military

Analysis of Military Expenditure (current USD): Mali's military expenditure is 12311127733.63 below the average of 12904993617.17, ranking 83 out of 149 countries.

Analysis of Military Expenditure (% of GDP): Mali's military expenditure as a percentage of GDP is 1.53 above the average of 1.90, ranking 16 out of 148 countries.

Analysis of Arms Imports (SIPRI trend indicator values): Mali's arms imports are significantly below average by 161522123.89, ranking 60 out of 113 countries.

Analysis of Armed Forces Personnel, Total: Mali has 124908.54 fewer armed forces personnel than the average of 165908.54, ranking 79 out of 164 countries.

Analysis of Armed Forces Personnel (% of total labor force): Mali's percentage of armed forces personnel in the total labor force is 0.72 below the average of 1.28, ranking 104 out of 164 countries.

Summary

In summary, Mali's military expenditure in both absolute terms and as a percentage of GDP is below the global average, while their arms imports and number of armed forces personnel are also below average. This positions Mali as having a relatively smaller military presence compared to other countries worldwide.

These findings are important as they indicate Mali's limited investment in its military capabilities, potentially affecting its ability to defend its territory, participate in regional security efforts, and respond to internal or external threats effectively. It also reflects the country's budgetary priorities and overall geopolitical strategy in allocating resources.

Natural Resources

Analysis of key statistics for Mali:

1. Forest area (sq. km): Mali's forest area is 132,960 sq. km, which is below the average of 211,606. Mali ranks 47th out of 191 countries in this attribute data.

2. Land area (sq. km): With a land area of 1,220,190 sq. km, Mali surpasses the average of 665,166 sq. km. Mali ranks 23rd out of 194 countries.

3. Surface area (sq. km): Mali's surface area is 1,240,190 sq. km, also above the average of 689,780 sq. km. Mali again ranks 23rd out of 194 countries.

4. Arable land (hectares): Mali possesses 8,152,000 hectares of arable land, higher than the average of 7,329,543 hectares. Mali ranks 30th out of 190 countries in this aspect.

5. Land under cereal production (hectares): Mali's land under cereal production is 6,140,158 hectares, surpassing the average of 4,206,012 hectares. Mali ranks 28th out of 174 countries.

6. Average precipitation in depth (mm per year): Mali experiences an average precipitation depth of 282 mm per year, below the average of 1,157.83 mm per year. Mali ranks 153rd out of 178 countries.

7. Renewable internal freshwater resources, total (billion cubic meters): Mali has 60 billion cubic meters of renewable internal freshwater resources, less than the average of 240.41 billion cubic meters. Mali ranks 70th out of 178 countries.

Summary

Mali demonstrates strength in land resources with a large land area, abundant arable land, and substantial land under cereal production. However, challenges exist in environmental factors such as forest area, precipitation levels, and freshwater resources where Mali falls below global averages. These statistics are crucial as they highlight Mali's potential in agriculture but also the importance of sustainable management of its natural resources for long-term development.

Resource Rents

1. Total natural resources rents (% of GDP): Mali's total natural resources rents account for 9.47% of its GDP, which is significantly higher than the attribute average of 4.63%. This places Mali at rank 33 out of 175 countries in the dataset.

2. Forest rents (% of GDP): Mali's forest rents make up 2.31% of its GDP, higher than the attribute average of 1.53%. Mali ranks 33 out of 174 countries in this aspect.

3. Mineral rents (% of GDP): In Mali, mineral rents contribute to 7.16% of the GDP, a substantial difference from the attribute average of 1.23%. Mali secures the 3rd position out of 86 countries included in the dataset for this indicator.

Summary

In Mali, total natural resources rents, forest rents, and mineral rents as a percentage of GDP are all higher than the respective attribute averages. Particularly, mineral rents in Mali contribute significantly to its GDP compared to other countries in the dataset, securing a high ranking. These findings indicate that Mali has a significant reliance on natural resources for its economic output, highlighting the importance of sustainable resource management and diversification of the economy to reduce vulnerability to fluctuations in global commodity prices.

Commodities

For Cereal production (metric tons), Mali's production of 10,352,055.35 metric tons is below the average production of 17,249,945.93 metric tons, ranking 38th out of 174 countries.

Regarding Aquaculture production (metric tons), Mali's production of 7,686 metric tons is significantly lower than the average of 679,642.92 metric tons, placing Mali at the 84th position out of 180 countries.

In terms of Capture fisheries production (metric tons), Mali's production of 117,690 metric tons falls below the average of 467,453.06 metric tons, ranking 73rd out of 190 countries.

For Total fisheries production (metric tons), Mali's production of 125,376 metric tons is less than the average of 1,153,914.85 metric tons, positioning Mali at the 76th spot out of 182 countries.

Considering Fertilizer consumption (kilograms per hectare of arable land), Mali's consumption of 29.28 kilograms per hectare is lower than the average consumption of 159.04 kilograms per hectare, placing Mali at the 132nd rank out of 187 countries.

Summary

Mali lags behind global averages and ranks relatively low in key macroeconomic indicators such as cereal production, aquaculture production, capture fisheries production, total fisheries production, and fertilizer consumption. These statistics highlight Mali's challenges in achieving optimal agricultural output and productivity, which are crucial for economic growth, food security, and overall development.

Intellectual Property

Scientific and technical journal articles: Mali's value of 98.9 is below the attribute average of 15103.76. Mali is ranked 133 out of 192 countries in this category.

Summary

Mali's scientific and technical journal articles value of 98.9 is significantly lower than the global average of 15103.76, placing the country at 133 out of 192 nations in this category. This indicates a potential gap in research and innovation capacity in Mali compared to other countries, which could hinder its technological advancement, economic growth, and global competitiveness.

Broad Economy Attributes

- GDP (current US$): Mali's GDP of $17.5 billion is significantly below the average of $442.9 billion, ranking 114th out of 189 countries.
- GDP, PPP (current international $): Mali's GDP of $47.6 billion is well below the average of $734.1 billion, ranking 107th out of 181 countries.
- GDP per capita (current US$): Mali's GDP per capita of $822.91 is far below the average of $15,462.11, ranking 172nd out of 190 countries.
- GDP per capita, PPP (current international $): Mali's GDP per capita of $2242.79 is significantly lower than the average of $21,251.89, ranking 162nd out of 181 countries.
- GNI (current US$): Mali's GNI of $16.7 billion is considerably below the average of $452 billion, ranking 114th out of 185 countries.
- GNI, PPP (current international $): Mali's GNI of $45.9 billion is well below the average of $730.7 billion, ranking 108th out of 181 countries.
- GNI per capita, PPP (current international $): Mali's GNI per capita of $2150 is significantly lower than the average of $20,615.75, ranking 164th out of 181 countries.

Summary

Mali's key macroeconomic indicators, including GDP, GDP per capita, and GNI, rank significantly below the global averages across various metrics. These statistics highlight Mali's economic challenges, such as low overall economic output, limited purchasing power, and lower income levels compared to other countries. Addressing these disparities is crucial for promoting economic growth, improving living standards, and enhancing the country's overall development trajectory.

Broad Value Added

1. Gross value added at basic prices (GVA) in Mali is $16,028,320,749.39, significantly below the average of $360,070,943,595.12. Mali ranks 108 out of 176 countries in this attribute data.

2. Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) in Mali is 36.19%, much higher than the average of 10.86%. Mali ranks 5 out of 182 countries in this attribute data.

3. Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added in Mali is $6,320,384,187.76, below the average of $19,924,732,828.07. Mali ranks 60 out of 182 countries in this attribute data.

4. Services, value added (% of GDP) in Mali is 34.43%, lower than the average of 56.72%. Mali ranks 181 out of 183 countries in this attribute data.

5. Services, value added in Mali is $6,012,717,246.49, significantly below the average of $295,837,711,130.69. Mali ranks 131 out of 183 countries in this attribute data.

6. Industry (including construction), value added in Mali is $3,695,219,315.31, well below the average of $118,421,095,413.50. Mali ranks 119 out of 183 countries in this attribute data.

Summary

Mali has a relatively low Gross Value Added at basic prices (GVA) compared to the global average, ranking 108th out of 176 countries. However, the country excels in the Agriculture, forestry, and fishing sector, with a high value added contributing significantly to its GDP, ranking 5th out of 182 countries. In contrast, Mali struggles in the Services sector, with low value added and ranking 181st out of 183 countries. These indicators are crucial as they highlight Mali's economic structure, emphasizing the importance of the agricultural sector and the challenges faced in developing its services industry for overall economic growth.

Manufacturing Value Added

For Manufacturing, value added (current US$), Mali's value is 1,185,275,894.26. This is significantly below the attribute average of 76,207,179,589.66. Mali ranks 124 out of 173 countries in this dataset.

Regarding Manufacturing, value added (% of GDP), Mali's value stands at 6.79%, which is below the attribute average of 11.90%. Mali holds the 132nd position out of 173 countries for this measure.

Summary

Mali's Manufacturing value added in current US$ is notably lower than the attribute average, positioning the country at 124th out of 173 countries. Similarly, Mali's Manufacturing value added as a percentage of GDP falls below the average, placing the country at the 132nd position globally. These indicators suggest that Mali may have untapped potential for growth and development in its manufacturing sector, highlighting areas where strategic investments and policy reforms could be beneficial for economic advancement.

Money

- Inflation, consumer prices (annual %): Mali's inflation rate of 0.44% is significantly below the average of 8.26%. This places Mali as the 125th rank out of 165 countries in the dataset.

- Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %): Mali's inflation rate based on the GDP deflator is 0.53%, lower than the average of 6.90%. Mali ranks 135th out of 188 countries for this indicator.

- Broad money growth (annual %): Mali's broad money growth rate stands at 12.26%, below the average of 18.03%. Mali holds the 79th rank out of 139 countries in this aspect.

- Broad money (% of GDP): Mali's broad money as a percentage of GDP is 31.50%, well below the average of 71.75%. In this metric, Mali ranks 116th out of 139 countries.

Summary

Mali demonstrates a relatively low inflation rate compared to the global average in both consumer prices and GDP deflator metrics. However, the country's broad money growth and broad money as a percentage of GDP fall below the global averages, indicating potential limitations in economic expansion and financial depth. These indicators are crucial as they reflect Mali's economic stability, monetary policy effectiveness, and overall financial health in comparison to other nations.

Consumption Expenditure

Final consumption expenditure (current US$): Mali's final consumption expenditure is $15,581,146,914.96, which is significantly below the average of $381,630,252,515.38. Mali ranks 104th out of 159 countries in this attribute.

Final consumption expenditure (% of GDP): Mali's final consumption expenditure as a percentage of GDP is 89.21%, higher than the average of 82.37%. Mali is ranked 49th out of 159 countries in this attribute.

General government final consumption expenditure (current US$): Mali's expenditure is $2,760,479,424.10, much lower than the average of $93,676,578,238.03. Mali ranks 107th out of 158 countries in this attribute.

General government final consumption expenditure (% of GDP): Mali's government expenditure as a percentage of GDP is 15.81%, lower than the average of 18.71%. Mali holds the 98th rank out of 158 countries in this attribute.

Household and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure (current US$): Mali's expenditure is $12,820,667,490.86, below the average of $290,127,571,157.69. Mali ranks 103rd out of 158 countries in this attribute.

Households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (% of GDP): Mali's household and NPISHs expenditure as a percentage of GDP is 73.41%, higher than the average of 63.68%. Mali is placed 41st out of 158 countries in this attribute.

Summary

Mali's final consumption expenditure in both absolute terms and as a percentage of GDP is below the global average, indicating potential challenges in domestic consumption and economic growth. The government's expenditure, especially in relation to GDP, is also lower than average, potentially impacting public services and investment. However, household and NPISHs expenditure relative to GDP is higher than average, suggesting a relatively stronger private consumption sector.

These indicators are crucial as they reflect the overall health of Mali's economy, showcasing potential areas of weakness such as low government spending and room for improvement in boosting domestic consumption. Addressing these disparities can help in fostering sustainable economic development and ensuring a balanced growth trajectory for Mali.

Investment

Foreign direct investment, net (BoP, current US$): Mali's value is -535,696,816.09, which is above the average of -1,615,235,980.51. Mali is ranked 91 out of 169 countries in this dataset.

Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$): Mali's value of 536,851,812.90 is below the average of 5,749,271,080.15. Mali ranks 90 out of 182 countries for this metric.

Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP): Mali's value of 3.07% exceeds the average of 2.61%. In this category, Mali is ranked 62 out of 178 countries.

Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$): Mali has a value of 1,154,996.81, significantly below the average of 5,707,991,116.07. Mali ranks 111 out of 156 countries for this statistic.

Foreign direct investment, net outflows (% of GDP): Mali's value of 0.0066% is much lower than the average of 1.00%. Mali is ranked 114 out of 155 countries in this metric.

Portfolio Investment, net (BoP, current US$): Mali's value of -46,772,454.14 is below the average of 679,559,169.57. In this category, Mali ranks 98 out of 159 countries.

Portfolio equity, net inflows (BoP, current US$): Mali's value is -970,610.81, significantly lower than the average of 9,197,145,994.70. Mali is ranked 73 out of 125 countries for this attribute.

Summary

Mali experiences a negative trend in foreign direct investment, both in overall net value and net inflows, ranking below average globally. However, Mali exceeds the average in foreign direct investment as a percentage of GDP, indicating potential for growth and development. In terms of portfolio investments, Mali also falls below average, suggesting a need for increased investor confidence and capital inflows for economic expansion.

These findings are important as they highlight Mali's current economic standing in the global market, showcasing areas where the country may need to focus on improving to attract more foreign investment and stimulate economic growth. Addressing these issues could help Mali diversify its sources of capital, reduce dependency on traditional sectors, and foster sustainable development in the long term.

Debt

For Total debt service (% of GNI), Mali's value is 1.54%, which is below the average of 5.98%. Mali is ranked 97 out of 120 countries in this attribute.

Mali's Public and publicly guaranteed debt service (% of GNI) is 1.39%, also below the average of 2.84%. Mali ranks 81 out of 120 countries for this metric.

External debt stocks (% of GNI) in Mali stand at 34.76%, significantly lower than the average of 65.42%. Mali is positioned at the 90th rank out of 120 countries.

Mali's Debt service on external debt, total (TDS, current US$) is $257,750,730.30, substantially below the average of $9,811,195,839.23. Mali holds the 85th rank out of 123 countries in this category.

The Debt service on external debt, public and publicly guaranteed (PPG) (TDS, current US$) for Mali is $232,557,916.40, below the average of $3,310,612,057.60. Mali is positioned at the 76th rank out of 123 countries.

External debt stocks, public and publicly guaranteed (PPG) (DOD, current US$) in Mali amount to $5,060,560,489.40, significantly below the average of $28,695,879,144.98. Mali ranks 73 out of 123 countries for this metric.

Mali's External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) stand at $5,813,599,035.20, also notably below the average of $73,845,530,111.82. The country is positioned at the 80th rank out of 123 countries in this attribute.

Summary

Mali exhibits a prudent approach to managing its debt burden, as evidenced by its below-average values across various debt service and external debt indicators. Despite facing lower levels of debt compared to the global average, Mali still maintains a relatively modest ranking in these metrics. These findings are crucial as they suggest that Mali's debt sustainability practices are relatively sound, potentially indicating lower financial risks and greater fiscal stability for the country.

Broad Trade Attributes

Trade (% of GDP): Mali's trade as a percentage of GDP is 66.99%, below the average of 82.34%. Mali ranks 85th out of 163 countries in this attribute data.

Merchandise trade (% of GDP): Mali's merchandise trade as a percentage of GDP is 56.69%, below the average of 60.01%. Mali ranks 77th out of 186 countries in this attribute data.

Trade in services (% of GDP): Mali's trade in services as a percentage of GDP is 14.03%, below the average of 24.63%. Mali ranks 93rd out of 171 countries in this attribute data.

External balance on goods and services (current US$): Mali's external balance on goods and services is -991,565,219.69 USD, well below the average of 3,405,509,011.13 USD. Mali ranks 104th out of 163 countries in this attribute data.

External balance on goods and services (% of GDP): Mali's external balance on goods and services as a percentage of GDP is -5.68%, slightly below the average of -5.97%. Mali ranks 94th out of 163 countries in this attribute data.

Summary

Mali's trade indicators, including trade, merchandise trade, and trade in services as a percentage of GDP, are below the global averages and rank middling among other countries. The country also faces a significant deficit in its external balance on goods and services, ranking low in comparison to the average external balance. These statistics are crucial as they reflect Mali's level of integration in the global economy, its reliance on imports and exports, and its ability to maintain a sustainable balance in international trade.

Net Trade

1. Current account balance (BoP, current US$): Mali's current account balance is significantly below the average of $1.44 billion, ranking 97th out of 170 countries in the dataset.

2. Current account balance (% of GDP): Mali's current account balance as a percentage of GDP is slightly below the average of -2.36%, placing it at the 97th rank out of 170 countries.

3. Net trade in goods and services (BoP, current US$): Mali's net trade in goods and services is well below the average of $2.60 billion, ranking 110th out of 171 countries.

4. Net primary income (BoP, current US$): Mali's net primary income is above the average of -$903.81 million, ranking 94th out of 170 countries.

5. Net secondary income (BoP, current US$): Mali's net secondary income is significantly above the average of -$269.23 million, placing it at the 50th rank out of 170 countries.

6. Net trade in goods (BoP, current US$): Mali's net trade in goods is notably below the average of $1.30 billion, ranking 61st out of 171 countries.

7. Net capital account (BoP, current US$): Mali's net capital account is above the average of $136.54 million, ranking 43rd out of 159 countries.

8. Net financial account (BoP, current US$): Mali's net financial account is higher than the average of -$469.84 million, positioning it at the 83rd rank out of 170 countries.

Summary

Mali's macroeconomic indicators paint a mixed picture of its economic standing. While the country performs below average in metrics such as current account balance and net trade in goods, it surpasses the average in areas like net primary income and net secondary income. These statistics are crucial as they reflect Mali's economic relationships with other countries, its trade performance, and its ability to attract foreign investment.

Broad Export Attributes

1. Exports of goods, services and primary income (BoP, current US$): Mali's value of $5,349,945,057.50 is significantly below the average of $146,238,908,936.30. Mali ranks 113th out of 170 countries in this attribute data.

2. Exports of goods and services (BoP, current US$): Mali's value of $5,195,546,532.69 is also notably below the average of $122,938,540,059.78. Mali is ranked 112th out of 170 countries in this category.

3. Exports of goods and services (current US$): Mali's export value of $5,354,300,846.66 falls below the average of $129,596,864,610.19. Mali holds the 106th rank out of 163 countries in this aspect.

4. Exports of goods and services (% of GDP): Mali's value of 30.66% is below the average of 38.19%. Mali is placed at the 80th rank out of 163 countries in this metric.

5. Goods exports (BoP, current US$): Mali's goods export value of $4,794,043,319.98 is significantly lower than the average of $93,310,581,697.39. Mali ranks 101st out of 171 countries in this attribute data.

Summary

Overall, Mali's key macroeconomic indicators for exports, including goods, services, primary income, and % of GDP, all fall below global averages. Mali ranks relatively low compared to other countries in these aspects, which indicates a smaller contribution to the global market and potentially limited economic diversification. These findings are crucial as they highlight Mali's challenges in competing on a global scale and emphasize the need for strategic measures to boost its export capabilities and enhance economic growth.

Merchandise Exports

Analysis of Merchandise exports (current US$): In Mali, the value of merchandise exports is $4,794,000,000. This is significantly below the average merchandise exports value of $89,542,711,229.95. Mali ranks 109th out of 187 countries in this attribute.

Analysis of Merchandise exports by the reporting economy, residual (% of total merchandise exports): Mali's value for this attribute is 0.00000246772105620566%, which is substantially lower than the average of 3.20%. Mali is ranked 166th out of 166 countries in this category.

Summary

In terms of merchandise exports, Mali's performance falls significantly below the global average, both in terms of the total value of exports and the percentage of exports by the reporting economy. With a ranking of 109th and 166th out of 187 and 166 countries respectively, Mali faces challenges in expanding its export market share and diversifying its export base.

These indicators are crucial as they reflect Mali's integration into the global economy and its ability to generate revenue through international trade. Low export values and market share indicate potential limitations in economic growth and vulnerability to external shocks, highlighting the need for strategic policies to enhance export competitiveness and drive economic development.

Service Exports

Service exports in Mali amount to $401.5 million, which is significantly below the average of $28.9 billion, placing Mali at rank 132 out of 171 countries in the dataset.

ICT service exports in Mali total $209.1 million, well below the average of $4.6 billion, positioning Mali at rank 78 out of 166 countries.

ICT service exports contribute 52.1% to Mali's service exports, much higher than the average of 11.8%. Mali ranks 4 out of 166 countries in this aspect.

Communications, computer, etc. services form 75.5% of Mali's service exports, surpassing the average of 45.8%, placing Mali at rank 20 out of 169 countries.

Transport services represent only 1.1% of Mali's service exports, significantly below the average of 21.8%. Mali ranks 159 out of 169 countries in this category.

Travel services contribute 20.3% to Mali's service exports, slightly below the average of 26.4%. Mali ranks 86 out of 167 countries in this domain.

Insurance and financial services account for 3.2% of Mali's service exports, falling short of the average of 6.5%, and positioning Mali at rank 88 out of 161 countries.

Summary

Mali's service exports are notably below global averages in various sectors, such as ICT, transport, and insurance/financial services. However, Mali excels in ICT service exports, where it contributes a significant portion to its overall service exports, ranking impressively in this aspect compared to other countries. These indicators are crucial as they shed light on Mali's strengths and weaknesses in key sectors, guiding policymakers on where to allocate resources and focus efforts to improve the country's macroeconomic performance.

Commercial Service Exports

1. Commercial service exports (current US$): Mali's commercial service exports amount to $311,251,834.82, which is significantly below the average of $28,508,218,402.80. Mali ranks 137th out of 171 countries in this attribute.

2. Travel services (% of commercial service exports): Mali's travel services account for 26.17% of its commercial service exports, slightly below the average of 27.89%. Mali is ranked 70th out of 167 countries in this category.

3. Computer, communications and other services (% of commercial service exports): Mali's services in this category contribute to 68.34% of its commercial service exports, significantly above the average of 42.44%. Mali ranks 27th out of 169 countries.

4. Insurance and financial services (% of commercial service exports): Mali's insurance and financial services represent 4.07% of its commercial service exports, lower than the average of 6.97%. Mali holds the 78th rank out of 161 countries.

5. Transport services (% of commercial service exports): Mali's transport services constitute 1.42% of its commercial service exports, well below the average of 23.37%. Mali ranks 160th out of 169 countries in this aspect.

Summary

Mali's commercial service exports are below average, with a significant reliance on computer, communications, and other services. The country performs better in travel services but lags in transport services and insurance/financial services. Understanding these indicators is crucial for assessing Mali's economic diversification, competitiveness, and potential areas for growth or improvement in its service sector.

Broad Import Attributes

Imports of goods and services (current US$): Mali's value of $6,345,866,066.36 is significantly below the average of $126,191,355,599.06. Mali ranks 109th out of 163 countries in this attribute.

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP): Mali's value of 36.33% is below the average of 44.15%. Mali ranks 87th out of 163 countries in this attribute.

Goods imports (BoP, current US$): Mali's value of $4,290,024,827.99 is far below the average of $92,007,788,027.17. Mali ranks 118th out of 171 countries in this attribute.

Imports of goods and services (BoP, current US$): Mali's value of $6,339,123,348.04 is significantly below the average of $120,321,577,988.12. Mali ranks 112th out of 170 countries in this attribute.

Imports of goods, services and primary income (BoP, current US$): Mali's value of $7,232,296,611.41 is well below the average of $144,514,428,722.28. Mali ranks 111th out of 170 countries in this attribute.

Summary

Mali's import figures across various categories are consistently below the global averages, indicating a relatively low level of external trade activity compared to other countries. This may suggest limited access to international markets, potential challenges in diversifying the economy, and a reliance on domestic production or services.

Merchandise Imports

For the attribute "Merchandise imports (current US$)", Mali's value of $5,107,000,000 is significantly below the average of $89,385,605,263. Mali ranks 120th out of 190 countries in this attribute data.

Regarding "Merchandise imports by the reporting economy, residual (% of total merchandise imports)", Mali's value of 0.0596% is well below the average of 2.5122%. Mali holds the 136th position out of 180 countries in this aspect.

Summary

Mali has a relatively low value in both "Merchandise imports (current US$)" and "Merchandise imports by the reporting economy, residual (% of total merchandise imports)" compared to the global averages. This indicates that Mali may have limited international trade activities and a smaller share in the global import market. These statistics are crucial as they reflect Mali's economic integration with the global market, its purchasing power, and its economic development potential.

Service Imports

1. Service imports (BoP, current US$): Mali's service imports amount to $2,049,098,520.04, ranking 98 out of 171 countries. This value is significantly lower than the attribute average of $27,615,356,170.47.

2. Communications, computer, etc. (% of service imports, BoP): Mali's percentage in this category is 50.76%, ranking 74 out of 169 countries. Mali exceeds the attribute average of 44.40%, indicating a higher emphasis on communications and technology services.

3. Transport services (% of service imports, BoP): Mali allocates 40.50% of its service imports to transport services, ranking 48 out of 169 countries. This value is notably above the attribute average of 32.90%.

4. Travel services (% of service imports, BoP): Mali's expenditure on travel services constitutes 6.11% of its service imports, ranking 129 out of 169 countries. This value is below the attribute average of 14.14%.

5. Insurance and financial services (% of service imports, BoP): Mali's allocation to insurance and financial services is 2.63%, placing it at 147 out of 169 countries. This percentage is notably lower than the attribute average of 8.53%.

Summary

Mali's key macroeconomic indicators reveal a notable emphasis on communication, computer, and transport services in its service imports, exceeding global averages in these categories. However, the country lags behind in expenditures on travel services and significantly allocates less towards insurance and financial services compared to the global average. These findings are crucial as they reflect Mali's priorities in terms of service imports, highlighting areas of strength and potential areas for improvement in its economy's diversification and resilience.

Commercial Service Imports

For Commercial service imports (current US$), Mali's value is $1.34 billion, significantly below the average of $27.10 billion. Mali ranks 108 out of 171 countries in this attribute.

Computer, communications and other services (% of commercial service imports) in Mali are at 24.57%, below the average of 41.71%. Mali ranks 133 out of 169 countries in this category.

Insurance and financial services (% of commercial service imports) constitute 4.03% in Mali, lower than the average of 8.85%. Mali ranks 125 out of 169 countries for this attribute.

Mali's Transport services (% of commercial service imports) stand at 62.04%, significantly above the average of 34.71%. Mali holds the 16th rank out of 169 countries in this aspect.

In terms of Travel services (% of commercial service imports), Mali's value is 9.35%, below the average of 14.73%. Mali ranks 101 out of 169 countries for this attribute.

Summary

Mali exhibits a pattern of below-average values across various commercial service import indicators in comparison to a global average. Particularly notable is Mali's above-average performance in Transport services, ranking 16th globally. These indicators are crucial as they reflect Mali's level of integration into global trade networks and the composition of its commercial services imports, indicating areas of strength and potential areas for improvement in the country's economy.

Information Technology Infrastructure

When it comes to Secure Internet servers, Mali has 217 servers, which is significantly below the average of 458,294. Mali ranks 150th out of 193 countries in this aspect.

For Secure Internet servers per 1 million people, Mali has 10.22 servers, much lower than the average of 14,067. Mali ranks 172nd out of 193 countries in this metric.

In terms of Individuals using the Internet (% of population), Mali has 27.86% of its population online, well below the average of 64.77%. Mali ranks 158th out of 180 countries in this category.

Regarding Fixed broadband subscriptions, Mali has 243,806 subscriptions, significantly below the average of 6,591,956. Mali ranks 107th out of 185 countries in this aspect.

When it comes to Mobile cellular subscriptions, Mali has 25,315,598 subscriptions, below the average of 42,526,464. Mali ranks 49th out of 193 countries in this metric.

Summary

Mali lags behind global averages in key internet and technology metrics, with low numbers of secure internet servers, internet users, and fixed broadband subscriptions. This indicates a significant digital divide and highlights the country's need to improve access to and infrastructure for digital technologies to enhance connectivity, economic development, and participation in the global digital economy.

Energy Consumption

When examining the attribute "Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption)," Mali demonstrates a value of 63.84%, surpassing the attribute average of 32.18%. This places Mali at rank 34 out of 191 countries in this category. Moving on to "CO2 emissions (kt)," Mali emits 4150.7 kt of CO2, which is significantly below the attribute average of 171895.94 kt. In this aspect, Mali holds a rank of 134 out of 188 countries.

Summary

Mali stands out for its high renewable energy consumption at 63.84%, far above the global average of 32.18%, positioning it favorably at 34th place globally. Additionally, with significantly lower CO2 emissions of 4150.7 kt compared to the average of 171895.94 kt, Mali ranks 134th out of 188 countries in this regard. These statistics are crucial as they highlight Mali's commitment to sustainable energy practices and its relatively lower contribution to global carbon emissions, potentially enhancing its environmental reputation and contributing positively to global climate change mitigation efforts.

Government Balance Sheet

The Net acquisition of financial assets (% of GDP) in Mali is 1.05%, which is below the average of 2.45%. Mali ranks 50 out of 87 countries in this attribute.

For Net incurrence of liabilities, total (% of GDP), Mali's value is 5.17%, lower than the average of 7.43%. Mali is ranked 58 out of 92 countries in this aspect.

Regarding Reserves and related items (BoP, current US$), Mali's value is $156,924,186.20, significantly lower than the average of $1,924,407,186.58. Mali ranks 69 out of 171 countries in this category.

Summary

Mali shows below-average performance in key macroeconomic indicators such as Net acquisition of financial assets, Net incurrence of liabilities, and Reserves and related items. These indicators reflect Mali's limited financial activity and lower reserves compared to the global average. This could indicate potential challenges in attracting investments, managing debt levels, and addressing external balance of payments issues, which are crucial for sustainable economic growth and stability.

Government Revenue

1. Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP): In Mali, the value is 15.01% of GDP, which is below the average of 27.02%. Mali ranks 101 out of 122 countries in this attribute.

2. Grants and other revenue (% of revenue): Mali's value is 12.93% of revenue, below the average of 23.54%. Mali ranks 71 out of 108 countries in this attribute.

3. Taxes on goods and services (% of revenue): Mali's value is 39.27% of revenue, above the average of 31.82%. Mali ranks 36 out of 122 countries in this attribute.

4. Taxes on international trade (% of revenue): Mali's value is 10.71% of revenue, above the average of 6.24%. Mali ranks 18 out of 101 countries in this attribute.

5. Other taxes (% of revenue): Mali's value is 1.69% of revenue, below the average of 2.12%. Mali ranks 40 out of 106 countries in this attribute.

6. Taxes on income, profits and capital gains (% of revenue): Mali's value is 35.40% of revenue, above the average of 24.66%. Mali ranks 23 out of 119 countries in this attribute.

Summary

In analyzing key macroeconomic indicators for Mali, it is evident that the country generally relies more on taxes (particularly on goods and services, international trade, and income) rather than grants and other revenue sources. Mali's tax revenue as a percentage of GDP is higher than the average for many attributes, indicating a significant dependency on taxation for government income. These findings are crucial as they highlight Mali's fiscal policies, revenue sources, and its standing in comparison to other countries, reflecting its economic stability and potential for financial growth.

Taxes

Regarding Tax revenue (% of GDP), Mali has a value of 14.16%, which is below the attribute average of 16.72%. Mali ranks 75th out of 123 countries in this measure.

For Customs and other import duties (% of tax revenue), Mali's value stands at 12.30%, higher than the attribute average of 9.01%. Mali is ranked 25th out of 99 countries for this metric.

In terms of Taxes on income, profits, and capital gains (% of total taxes), Mali records 40.65%, slightly above the average value of 38.40%. Mali holds the 50th rank out of 120 countries in this aspect.

Lastly, for Tariff rate, applied, weighted mean, all products (%), Mali's value of 9.24% is notably higher than the attribute average of 5.21%. Mali ranks 29th out of 153 countries for this particular measure.

Summary

Mali's tax revenue as a percentage of GDP is below the global average, indicating potential room for improvement in revenue collection. However, the country performs well in collecting customs and other import duties compared to its peers. While Mali's taxes on income, profits, and capital gains are slightly above average, its applied tariff rate on all products is significantly higher than the global average, possibly affecting international trade competitiveness.

These findings are crucial as they provide insights into Mali's fiscal policy effectiveness, trade relationships, and economic competitiveness on the global stage. Addressing the gaps in tax revenue generation and balancing tariff rates could enhance Mali's financial stability and position in the international trade market, facilitating economic growth and development.

Government Expenses

Expense (% of GDP): In Mali, expenses as a percentage of GDP are significantly below the average of 31.69%. Mali ranks 114 out of 123 countries in this metric.

Compensation of employees (% of expense): Mali's spending on employee compensation, at 43.29% of expenses, is notably higher than the average of 24.70%. Mali ranks 15 out of 123 countries in this category.

Goods and services expense (% of expense): Mali's allocation towards goods and services, at 13.83% of expenses, is slightly below the average of 14.77%. Mali ranks 52 out of 122 countries in this aspect.

Interest payments (% of expense): Mali's expenditure on interest payments, at 8.48% of expenses, is higher than the average of 6.85%. Mali ranks 36 out of 121 countries in this area.

Other expense (% of expense): Mali's other expenses, at 14.10% of total expenses, exceed the average of 8.29%. Mali ranks 22 out of 120 countries in this category.

Subsidies and other transfers (% of expense): Mali's spending on subsidies and transfers, at 20.30% of total expenses, is considerably lower than the average of 43.29%. Mali ranks 108 out of 121 countries in this metric.

Summary

In analyzing key macroeconomic indicators for Mali, it is evident that the country maintains a prudent fiscal approach with expenses below the global average as a percentage of GDP. However, there are notable disparities in the allocation of expenses, especially in areas such as employee compensation and interest payments where Mali exceeds the global averages. These findings are critical as they highlight Mali's financial priorities, fiscal management strategies, and areas where potential reforms or adjustments may be needed to align with international norms and improve economic efficiency.

Top Stats

Ranks in Top Decile For:

Attribute	Rank/Total
Population ages 0-14 (% of total population)	4/194
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)	3/194
Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people)	6/192
Fertility rate, total (births per woman)	5/190
Mineral rents (% of GDP)	3/86
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP)	5/182
ICT service exports (% of service exports, BoP)	4/166
Transport services (% of commercial service imports)	16/169

Ranks in Bottom Decile For:

Attribute	Rank/Total
Population ages 15-64 (% of total population)	192/194
Population ages 65 and above (% of total population)	181/194
GDP per capita (current US$)	172/190
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $)	164/181
Services, value added (% of GDP)	181/183
Merchandise exports by the reporting economy, residual (% of total merchandise exports)	166/166
Transport services (% of service exports, BoP)	159/169
Transport services (% of commercial service exports)	160/169
Expense (% of GDP)	114/123